Hercospora
Hercospora Fr., Syst. orb. veg. (Lundae) 1: 119 (1825)
Diaporthomycetidae, Diaporthales, Lamproconiaceae, Hercospora
Index Fungorum number: IF2301; 13 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020); 1 species with sequence data.
Saprobic on dead herbaceous branches. Sexual morph: Stromata prosenchymatous around perithecia, delimited externally by greenish-blackened dense pseudoparenchymatous zone, interior whitish, composed of interwoven hyphae mixed with substrate cells, 3–5 ascomata in a stromata. Ascomata perithecial, small, aggregated, scattered, globose to subglobose, light brown to dark brown, coriaceous, ostiolate, papillate. Papilla converging and erumpent through stroma surface as single, large opening, wide at the top, narrowing towards the base, dark brown region around base of papilla. Peridium compriseing light brown, compressed, cells of textura angularis. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, short-pedicellate, with a J-, apical ring. Ascospores uniseriate, broadly ellipsoid, 1-septate, not or lightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, partly immersed in host tissue, uniloculate, multilocular or convoluted, dark blackish brown, erumpent in the centre, ostiolate. Pycnidium thick-walled, thin at inner layer, dark brown, comprising cells of textura intricata. Paraphyses interspersed within conidiophores. Conidiophores filiform or cylindrical, hyaline, septate, branched, smooth-walled, formed at the base of conidiomatal wall. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, cylindrical to subcylindrical, each forming a single conidium at the conidiophore apex, or annellidic, colourless to olivaceous, smooth-walled. Conidia fusiform, ellipsoid, thick-walled, contents granular, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, produced in mucilage but without a distinct mucilaginous envelope or appendage (adapted from Norphanphoun et al. 2016).
Type species: Hercospora tiliae (Pers.) Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 154 (1863)
Notes: Hercospora was introduced by Fries in 1825 to accommodate Sphaeria tiliae and S. atrovirens. Tulasne & Tulasne (1863) accepted Hercospora tiliae (= S. atrovirens) as the type species of Hercospora. The characters of the genus were described in Petrak (1938) and Sutton (1980). Phylogenetic studies based on LSU sequence data, placed H. tiliae in Diaporthales, genera incertae sedis, where it grouped with Melanconis desmazierii (Castlebury et al. 2002, Rossman et al. 2007, Voglmayr et al. 2012, Voglmayr & Jaklitsch 2014). Norphanphoun et al. (2016) placed Hercospora in a new family Lamproconiaceae based on sequence data which clustered with Melanconis desmazieri, a species synonymized under Lamproconium desmazierii.
Species illustrated in this entry
Hercospora tiliae (Pers.) Tul. & C. Tul.
References:
Castlebury LA, Rossman AY, Jaklitsch WJ, Vasilyeva LN. 2002 – A phylogeny overview of the Diaporthales based on large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycologia 94, 1017–1031.
Norphanphoun C, Hongsanan S, Doilom M, Bhat DJ. 2016 – Lamproconiaceae fam. nov. to accommodate Lamproconium desmazieri. Phytotaxa 270, 89–102.
Petrak F. 1938 – Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Gattung Hercospora mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Typusart Hercospora tiliae (Pers.) Fr. Annales Mycologici 36, 44−60.
Rossman AY, Farr DF, Castlebury LA. 2007 – A review of the phylogeny and biology of the Diaporthales. Mycoscience 48, 135–144.
Sutton BC. 1980 – The Coelomycetes. Fungi imperfecti with pycnidia, acervuli and stromata. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew 1–696.
Tulasne LR, Tulasne C. 1863 – Selecta Fungorum Carpologia, Tomus Secundus. Xylariei Valsei Sphaeriei 2, 1–319.
Voglmayr H, Jaklitsch WM. 2014 – Stilbosporaceae resurrected: generic reclassification and speciation. Persoonia 33, 61–82.
Voglmayr H, Rossman AY, Castlebury LA, Jaklitsch WM. 2012– Multigene phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Melanconiella (Diaporthales). Fungal Diversity 57, 1–44.
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