Codinaea
Codinaea Maire, Publ. Inst. Bot. Barcelona 3(no. 4): 15 (1937)
Sordariomycetidae, Chaetosphaeriales, Chaetosphaeriaceae, Codinaea
Index Fungorum number: IF 7720; 16 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020), 4 species with sequence data.
Saprobic on wood or decaying plant parts. Asexual morph: Colonies on natural substrate black, scattered, hairy. Mycelium immersed or superficial, comprising brown, septate, branched, smooth-walled hyphae. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous or synnematous, usually pale brown, septate. Conidiogenous cells mono- to polyphialidic, terminal, with flared collarette, determinate or indeterminate, with few sympodial extensions and at times with enteroblastic percurrent regenerations. Conidia hyaline, aseptate or septate, falcate to lunate, comprising a filiform appendage at both ends. Sexual morph: Undetermined (Luo et al. 2019).
Type species: Codinaea aristata Maire, Publ. Inst. Bot. Barcelona 3(no. 4): 15 (1937)
Notes: Codinaea was introduced based on C. aristata (Maire 1937). Gamundi et al. (1977) examined several specimens of Dictyochaeta fuegiana and proposed Codinaea as a synonym of Dictyochaeta. Their treatment was accepted by most authors and many Codinaea taxa have been moved to Dictyochaeta (Kirschner & Chen 2002, Cruz et al. 2008, Liu et al. 2016, Whitton et al. 2012). However, re-examination of the two collections, on which Gamundí et al. (1977) based their description of D. fuegiana (LPS 38629, LPS 38630), revealed a fungus was misidentified as the type of Dictyochaeta fuegiana (Réblová 2004). Réblová (2004) re-examined the type specimen of Dictyochaeta fuegiana and gave detailed descriptions. Molecular studies by Réblová & Winka (2000) revealed that Dictyochaeta species with or without setulae clustered into distinct subgroups in the phylogenetic tree. Réblová (2000) proposed to retain Codinaea for species with setulae and placed species without setulae in Dictyochaeta. Seifert et al. (2011) and Li et al. (2012) accepted Réblová (2000) suggestion on segregation of Codinaea and Dictyochaeta as separate genera delineated by the presence or absence of conidial setulae and accepted both Codinaea and Dictyochaeta as valid genera.
Wijayawardene et al. (2018) and Hernández-Restrepo (2017) also treated them as two distinct genera. Currently, 104 species of Dictyochaeta and 53 species of Codinaea have been described (Index Fungorum 2020). However, only few have DNA sequence data. There are no ex-type sequence data are available for the generic types of Codinaea or Dictyochaeta. Phylogenetic analysis conducted by Hyde et al. (2020), based on the available sequences of Dictyochaeta and Codinaea species, revealed that species of both genera are polyphyletic within Chaetosphaeriaceae. Therefore, a detailed morpho-molecular analysis with more taxonomic sampling would be required to finally confirm the phylogenetic status of Codinaea and Dictyochaeta. Hyde et al. (2020) kept Codinaea and Dictyochaeta as separate genera until the generic types of Codinaea and Dictyochaeta are recollected, sequenced and confirmed the link by molecular data.
Species illustrated in this entry:
Codinaea yunnanensis Z.L. Luo, K.D. Hyde & H.Y. Su
References:
Cruz ACR, Leão-Ferreira SM, Barbosa FR, Gusmão LFP. 2008 – Conidial fungi from semi-arid Caatinga biome of Brazil. New and interesting Dictyochaeta species. Mycotaxon 106, 15–27
Gamundí IJ, Arambarri AM, Giaiotti A. 1977 – Micoflora de la hojarasca de Nothofagus dombeyi. Darwiniana 21, 81–114
Hernández-Restrepo M, Gené J, Castañeda-Ruiz RF, Mena-Portales J. 2017 − Phylogeny of saprobic microfungi from Southern Europe. Studies in Mycology 86, 53−97
Hyde KD, Norphanphoun C, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Bhat DJ et al. 2020 – Refined families of Sordariomycetes. Mycosphere 11, 305–1059.
Index Fungorum. 2020 – http://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp.
Kirschner R, Chen CJ. 2002 – Dictyochaeta multifimbriata, a new species from Taiwan. Mycological Progress 1, 287–289
Li DW, Kendrick B, Chen J. 2012 – Two new hyphomycetes: Codinaea sinensis sp. nov. and Parapleurotheciopsis quercicola sp. nov., and two new records from Quercus phillyraeoides leaf litter. Mycological progress 11, 899–905
Liu JK, Yang J, Maharachchikumbura SSN, McKenzie EH et al. 2016 – Novel chaetosphaeriaceous hyphomycetes from aquatic habitats. Mycological Progress 15, 1157–1167
Luo ZL, Hyde KD, Liu JK, Maharachchikumbura SSN et al. 2019 – Freshwater Sordariomycetes. Fungal Diversity 99, 451–660
Maire R. 1937 – Fungi Catalaunici: Series altera. Contributions a l'étude de la flore mycologique de la Catalogne. Publicacions del Instituto Botánico Barcelona 3, 1–128.
Réblová M, Winka K. 2000 – Phylogeny of Chaetosphaeria and its anamorphs based on morphological and molecular data. Mycologia 92, 939–954
Réblová M. 2000 – The genus Chaetosphaeria and its anamorphs. Studies in Mycology 45, 149–168
Réblová M. 2004 – Four new species of Chaetosphaeria from New Zealand and redescription of Dictyochaeta fuegiana. Studies in Mycology 50, 171–186
Seifert KA, Morgan-Jones G, Gams W, Kendrick B. 2011 – The Genera of hyphomycetes. CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Whitton SR, McKenzie EHC, Hyde KD. 2012 – Teleomorphic Microfungi Associated with Pandanaceae. Fungi Associated with Pandanaceae. Fungal Diversity Research Series 21, 23–124
Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Lumbsch HT, Liu JK et al. 2018 – Outline of Ascomycota: 2017. Fungal Diversity 88, 167–263.
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