Nitschkia
Nitschkia G.H. Otth ex P. Karst., Bidr. Känn. Finl. Nat. Folk 23: 13 (1873)
Hypocreomycetidae, Coronophorales, Nitschkiaceae, Nitschkia
Index Fungorum number: IF 02123; Facesoffungi number: FoF 02126; 52 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020); 5 species with sequence data.
Saprobic on wood in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. Sexual morph: Ascomata black, perithecial, gregarious, superficial or erumpent, sitting on or in a subiculum or absent, globose to subglobose, carbonaceous or membranaceous, rough, with a short ostiole, the apex failing when dry, shallowly cupulate when moist or not collabent. Ostiole lined with hyaline periphyses. Subiculum thin or thick, many or scanty, dark brown to brown, septate, split hyphae, with spiny end. Peridium (20–70 μm), munk pores present, formed from three layers, outer layer containing dark tissues, thin, carbonaceous; middle layer containing dark brown to brown cells of textura angularis, thick, membranaceous; the inner layer has hyaline cells of textura prismatica, thin, membranaceous. Hamathecium containing septate, simple paraphyses, Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, clavate to cylindrical, long pedicellate, apex blunt. Ascospores hyaline, 2–3-seriate or unevenly arranged, allantoid or subcylindrical, slightly curved, aseptate, smooth-walled, with or without guttules. Asexual morph: Undetermined (adapted from Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016).
Type species: Nitschkia fuckelii Nitschke, in Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23-24: 165 (1870) [1869-70]
Notes: The taxonomy of Nitschkia introduced by Karsten (1873) is confused and currently includes 65 species (Index Fungorum 2020). The name Nitschkia fuckelii was first introduced by Nitschke (1870), but Saccardo (1873) suggested Coelosphaeria to replace Nitschkia, because the spelling of “Nitschkia” was similar to the generic name for a diatom. Fitzpatrick (1923) reviewed the nomenclature of Coelosphaeria and the name was rejected. Confusion as to the type species arises because Fuckel (1870) introduced the type species N. fuckelii based on Sphaeria cupularis. Neither taxon has been sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis is based on Nitschkia calyculus, N. grevillei, N. meniscoidea and N. tetraspora (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2010).
Species illustrated in this entry
Nitschkia cupularis (Pers.) P. Karst.
References:
Fitzpatrick HM. 1923 – Monograph of the Nitschkieae. Mycologia 15, 23–44
Fuckel L. 1870 – Symbolae mycologicae. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Rheinischen Pilze. Jahrbücher des Nassauischen Vereins für Naturkunde 23–24, 1–459
Index Fungorum. 2020 – http://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp.
Karsten PA. 1873 – Mycologia fennica. Pars secunda. Pyrenomycetes. Bidrag till Kännedom av Finlands Natur och Folk 23, 1–252
Maharachchikumbura SSN, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, McKenzie EHC et al. 2016 – Families of Sordariomycetes. Fungal Diversity 79, 1–317
Mugambi GK, Huhndorf SM. 2010 – Multigene phylogeny of the Coronophorales: morphology and new species in the order. Mycologia 102, 185–210
Nitschke T. 1870 – Pyrenomycetes Germanici 2. Breslau 161–320
Saccardo PA. 1873 – Fungi Veneti novi vel critici. Series I. Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano 5, 269–298
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