Diaporthe
Diaporthe Nitschke, Pyrenomyc. Germ. 2: 240 (1870)
Diaporthomycetidae, Diaporthales, Diaporthaceae, Diaporthe
Index Fungorum number: IF1497; Facesoffungi number: FoF 02106; 450 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2021); 261 species with sequence data.
Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecial, deeply immersed, grouped, black, globose, subglobose, conical or irregular, coriaceous, papillate, ostiolate. Ostioles periphysate, tapering towards the host surface. Peridium comprising brown, thick-walled cells of textura angularis. Paraphyses present or absent. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, elongate to clavate, generally sessile, apex with distinct, J- apical ring. Ascospores overlapping uniseriate, elongated to elliptical, hyaline, 1-septate, often 4-guttulate, with larger guttules in the center and smaller ones near the ends, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Conidiomata pycnidial, globose, initially immersed, erumpent when mature, black, with short or elongated neck, often with yellowish conidial mass extruding from ostiole. Peridium consisting of 3–4 layers of light brown cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores unbranched, hyaline, ampulliform, straight to sinuous, smooth. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, terminal, slightly tapering towards the apices, phialidic. Alpha conidia ovate to ellipsoidal, aseptate, often biguttulate, hyaline, smooth, with sub-truncate base. Beta conidia fusiform, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, base sub-truncate (adapted from Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016).
Type species: Diaporthe eres Nitschke, Pyrenomyc. Germ. 2: 245 (1870)
Notes: Diaporthe is the type genus of Diaporthaceae, and it was established by Nitschke (1867) to accommodate taxa with stromata in the Sphaeriales which are often with blackened zones in the substrate, ellipsoid to fusiform ascospores and enclosed, unilocular pycnidia that contain spermatia, stylospores and conidia (Wehmeyer 1933). Diaporthe species are saprobes, pathogens and endophytes and have a worldwide distribution (Dissanayake et al. 2017). Phomopsis was earlier the asexual morph (Udayanga et al. 2012). However, these genera were linked based on principle of significance and Diaporthe was nominated over Phomopsis to resolve nomenclatural complications (Rossman et al. 2015). The genus contains 1067 epithets listed in Index Fungorum (August 2019), but fewer than 200 species are accepted (Dissanayake et al. 2017).
Species illustrated in this entry
Diaporthe asheicola L. Lombard & Crous
Diaporthe eucalyptorum Crous & R.G. Shivas
Diaporthe salsuginosa Vrijmoed, K.D. Hyde & E.B.G. Jones
References:
Dissanayake AJ, Phillips AJ, Hyde KD, Yan JY, Li XH. 2017 – The current status of species in Diaporthe. Mycosphere 8, 1106–1156.
Maharachchikumbura SSN, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, McKenzie EHC et al. 2016 – Families of Sordariomycetes. Fungal Diversity 79, 1–317.
Nitschke T. 1867 – Pyrenomycetes Germanici. Breslau 1, 1–160.
Rossman AY, Adams GC, Cannon PF, Castlebury LA et al. 2015 – Recommendations of generic names in Diaporthales competing for protection or use. IMA Fungus 6, 145–154.
Udayanga D, Liu XZ, Crous PW, McKenzie EHC et al. 2012 – A multi-locus phylogenetic evaluation of Diaporthe (Phomopsis). Fungal Diversity 56, 157–171.
Wehmeyer LE. 1933– The British species of the genus Diaporthe Nits. and its segregates. Trans Br Mycol Soc 17, 237–295.
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