Monilochaetes
Monilochaetes Halst. ex Harter, J. Agric. Res., Washington 5: 791 (1916)
Hypocreomycetidae, Glomerellales, Australiascaceae, Monilochaetes
Index Fungorum number: IF8969; 8 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020); 5 species with sequence data.
Pathogenic on tubers of sweet potato and saprobic on terrestrial plant leaves, branches, and on spathes and stipes of ferns. Sexual morph: Ascomata solitary to gregarious, brown to black, conical to obpyriform, glabrous or clothed with setae. Ostioles periphysate. Setae scant, acute, thick-walled, septate, dark brown. Peridium 2-layered, fragile, textura epidermoidea to prismatica in surface view. Paraphyses septate, persistent, branching. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical to clavate, short-pedicellate, apex truncate, with a distinct, shallow, J-, apical ring. Ascospores overlapping biseriate, hyaline, ellipsoidal to oblong, apiculate at both ends, septate, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Conidiophores macronematous, pale to dark brown, septate. Conidiogenous cells monophialidic, ampulliform to cylindrical, subhyaline, with minute collarette. Conidia ellipsoid to cylindrical-ellipsoidal, smooth-walled, hyaline, septate, aggregated in slime or in chains (adapted from Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016).
Type species: Monilochaetes infuscans Harter, J. Agric. Res., Washington 5: 791 (1916)
Notes: Monilochaetes was experimentally linked with its sexual morph (Australiasca) by Réblová et al. (2011). Species of this genus are important inhabitants of commercial crops and medicinal plants. Monilochaetes infuscans causes scurf disease or soil stain of sweet-potato (Ipomea batata) in many countries (Harter 1916, Rong & Gams 2000). Monilochaetes nothapodytis is an endophyte isolated from Nothapodytes pittosporoides in China, a plant used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhou et al. 2017).
Species illustrated in this entry:
Monilochaetes camelliae (Alcorn & Sivan.) Réblová, W. Gams & Seifert
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