Nectria
Nectria (Fr.) Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm): 387 (1849)
Hypocreomycetidae, Hypocreales, Nectriaceae, Nectria
Index Fungorum number: IF 3431; Facesoffungi number: FoF 02122; 931 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020); 49 species with sequence data.
Saprobic on decaying wood and occurring as pathogens of trees. Sexual morph: Stromata, erumpent. Ascomata perithecial, on or approximately or totally immersed in a stroma, gathered in groups, red to bay to sienna, turning bright red, blood red to purple in KOH, globose to subglobose, with a smooth to warted surface. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, clavate to narrowly clavate or cylindrical, apical ring ordinary. Ascospores hyaline, 0–4-septate, ellipsoidal, oblong, fusiform, pyriform or allantoid, with rounded ends, straight to slightly curved, smooth-walled or spinulose. Asexual morph: Conidiophores pycnidial, sporodochial, lateral phialidic pegs or acropleurogenous. Microconidia hyaline, ellipsoid to fusoid or sometimes curved, aseptate. Macroconidia hyaline, 0–1- septate, ellipsoidal, oblong, cylindrical to allantoid or subglobose to ellipsoidal, straight to marginally curved, r o u n d e d a t e n d s , s m o o t h - w a l l e d . Chlamydospores rare (adapted from Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016).
Type species: Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm): 388 (1849)
Notes: Nectria was recognized as Hypocrea sect. Nectria and raised to generic level by Fries (1849) without designating a type species. Seaver (1909) designated N. peziza as the type, but it was considered as illegitimate (Rossman et al. 1999). Clements & Shear (1931) made the first legitimate typification of the genus by designating N. cinnabarina as the lectotype (Rossman et al. 1999). There were around 800 epithets proposed for Nectria sensu lato with 200 estimated species (Booth 1959, Rossman 1996). Species in Nectria sensu stricto have been listed with a key to 28 species by Rossman (1989). Rossman et al. (1999) restricted Nectria sensu stricto to species considered congeneric with the type species Nectria cinnabarina and accepted 27 species in the genus. Based on morphology (Hirooka et al. 2010, Rossman et al. 1999) and LSU sequence data (Rehner & Samuels 1995), Nectria sensu lato was separated into a number of genera.
Species illustrated in this entry:
Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr.
References:
Booth C. 1959 – Studies of pyrenomycetes. IV. Nectria (part 1). Mycological Papers 73, 1–15
Clements FE, Shear CL. 1931 – The genera of Fungi 1–496
Fries EM. 1849 – Summa vegetabilium Scandinaviae. Sectio posterior 2, 259–572
Hirooka Y, Kobayashi T, Ono T, Rossman AY et al. 2010 – Verrucostoma, a new genus in the Bionectriaceae from the Bonin Islands, Japan. Mycologia 102, 418–429
Maharachchikumbura SSN, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, McKenzie EHC et al. 2016 – Families of Sordariomycetes. Fungal Diversity 79, 1–317
Rehner SA, Samuels GJ. 1995 – Molecular systematics of the Hypocreales: a teleomorph gene phylogeny and the status of their anamorphs. Canadian Journal of Botany 73, 816–823
Rossman AY, Samuels GJ, Rogerson CT, Lowen R. 1999 – Genera of Bionectriaceae, Hypocreaceae and Nectriaceae (Hypocreales, Ascomycetes). Studies in Mycology 42, 1–248
Rossman AY. 1989 – A synopsis of the Nectria cinnabarina-group. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 49, 253–255
Rossman AY. 1996 – Morphological and molecular perspectives on systematics of the Hypocreales. Mycologia 1, 1–9
Seaver FJ. 1909 – The Hypocreales of North America. I. Mycologia 1, 41–76
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