Diatrype
Diatrype Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm): 384 (1849)
Xylariomycetidae, Xylariales, Diatrypaceae, Diatrype
Index Fungorum number: IF 1504; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00702; 170 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020); 17 species with sequence data.
Saprobic on bark of woody hosts. Sexual morph: Stromata erumpent to superficial, dispersed or aggregated on host, sometime spread on large area of host, orbicular, disc-like plane or convex, sometimes spread on host equally, rising through the cracks in bark or epidermis or extent beneath the epidermis, edges of cracks outstanding as pointed, angular parts, with many perithecia immersed in one stroma, ostiole opening through host bark and appear as black spots, composed of an outer layer of dark brown, small, tightly packed, thin parenchymatous cells and an inner layer of yellowish white, large, loosely packed, parenchymatous cells. Ascomata perithecial, immersed in stromatic tissues, aggregated, pale brown, globose to sub-globose, narrowing towards the apex and very narrow at the base of ostiolar canal, thin walled, ostiolate. Ostiolar canal, periphysate, ostiolar opening covered with carbonaceous, black cells, apex broader than base. Periphyses filamentous, short, hyaline, bent towards the cavity. Peridium thin, containing an outer layer of brown, thick walled cells of textura angularis and a thin, inner strata of hyaline, thick walled cells of textura angularis. Paraphyses rising from base of perithecia, composed of long, wide, globose to ovoid thin-walled cells, branched, septate, and slightly constricted at septa, narrowing and tapering towards the apex, apex blunt. Asci unitunicate, 8-spored, with very long, narrow, thin-walled pedicel, with cylindrical, thick-walled, swollen upper portion, apex flat, with J-, cylindrical, conspicuous apical ring, attached to the base by stalk. Ascospores biseriate, hyaline, allantoid, thin-walled, with small, unicellular, fat globules at each end, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Conidiomata looks like brownish yellow, watery, bubble-like, conidial mass rounded from white, mycelia clumps, pycnidial, superficial, solitary or aggregated, subconical, yellow, dark brown to black, globose to subglobose, shiny, smooth surface. Peridium thick walled, containing brown cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores branched, rising from pseudoparenchymatous cells or interwoven hyphae. Conidiogenous cells dense palisades, cylindrical, straight or curved, apically distorted or annulated. Conidia filiform, hyaline, curved or rarely straight with flattened base and blunt apex (adapted from Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016).
Type species: Diatrype disciformis (Hoffm.) Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm): 385 (1849)
Notes: Species of Diatrype are common inhabitants on dead stems and barks of various plants throughout the world (Carmarán et al. 2006, Vasilyeva et al. 2009, de Almeida et al. 2016, Senwanna et al. 2017). In this entry we illustrate a collection of Diatrype disciformis.
Species illustrated in this entry:
Diatrype disciformis (Hoffm.) Fr
References:
Carmarán CC, Romero AI, Giussani LM. 2006 – An approach towards a new phylogenetic classification in Diatrypaceae. Fungal Divers 23, 67–87
de Almeida DAC, Gusmão LFP, Miller AN. 2016 – Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of Peroneutypa (Ascomycota, Xylariales) species from the Brazilian semi-arid region, including four new species. Mycological Progress 15, 1–27
Maharachchikumbura SSN, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, McKenzie EHC et al. 2016 – Families of Sordariomycetes. Fungal Diversity 79, 1–317
Senwanna C, Phookamsak R, Doilom M, Hyde KD, Cheewangkoon R. 2017 – Novel taxa of Diatrypaceae from Para rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) in northern Thailand; introducing a novel genus Allocryptovalsa. Mycosphere 8, 1835–1855
Vasilyeva LN, Larissa N, Stephenson SL. 2009 – The genus Diatrype (Ascomycota, Diatrypaceae) in Arkansas and Texas (USA). Mycotaxon 107, 307–313
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