Coniella
Entry for Coniella GENUS ENTRY
Coniella Höhn., Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 36(7): 316 (1918)
Diaporthomycetidae, Diaporthales, Schizoparmaceae, Coniella
Index Fungorum number: IF 7753; Facesoffungi number: FoF 04309; 57 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020); 38 species with sequence data.
Saprobic, parasitic, pathogenic or endophytic on fruits, leaves, roots and stems of wide variety of woody and herbaceous plants, and in soil. Sexual morph: Ascomata brown to black, scattered, perithecial, solitary, when collapsed collabent, subepidermal, erumpent to superficial, globose, coriaceous, papillate with periphysate ostiole in the middle. Peridium brown cells of textura angularis, thick-walled. Paraphyses deficient. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, sessile, clavate to subcylindrical, apical ring, J-, floating free at maturity. Ascospores hyaline to pale brown at maturity, biseriate, ellipsoidal, aseptate, with or without mucoid caps. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Conidiomata brown to dark brown or black, immersed to semi-immersed, pycnidial, subepidermal, erumpent, unilocular, globose or slightly depressed globose to subglobose, glabrous, ostiolate. Peridium brown cells of textura angularis, unevenly thickened, with plate orientation. Conidiophores hyaline, densely aggregated, simple to branched at base, septate, smooth, subulate, invested in mucus, developing from basal pad. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, often annellidic, or phialidic, subcylindrical, obclavate to lageniform, discrete, proliferating percurrently, or with prominent periclinical thickening, smooth. Conidia hyaline, olivaceous brown to brown at maturity, unicellular, thin- to thick-walled, ellipsoid, globose, smooth, napiform, fusiform or naviculate with a truncate base and an obtuse to apiculate apex, at times with a longitudinal germ slit, with or without a mucoid appendage (adapted from Sutton 1969, Hyde et al. 2020).
Type species: Coniella pulchella Höhn., Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 36(7): 316 (1918)
Notes: The cosmopolitan genus, Coniella was established by Höhnel (1918) and is typified by Coniella pulchella (= Coniella fragariae). Species of this genus are plant pathogens (van Niekerk et al. 2004, Mirabolfathy et al. 2012, Chethana et al. 2017). In addition, they have saprobic, endophytic, and parasitic lifestyles, as well as being secondary invaders of plant tissues infected by other organisms or injured by other causes (Samuels et al. 1993, Ferreira et al. 1997, Alvarez et al. 2016). Several Coniella species are host-specific, contradictory to their wide host range (Alvarez et al. 2016, Chethana et al. 2017). This genus has been subjected to many revisions. Initially, Coniella and Pilidiella were given distinct identities due to their conidial pigmentation (von Arx 1973, 1981). Conidial pigmentation was rejected as a distinguishing character and Pilidiella was synonymized under Coniella (Sutton 1980, Nag Raj 1993). With molecular data used in species delimitation, Coniella and Pilidiella were considered as distinct genera (Castlebury et al. 2002, van Niekerk et al. 2004, Wijayawardene et al. 2016). In an attempt to resolve many species complexes residing in the genus, Alvarez et al. (2016) accepted Coniella as the only genus in Schizoparmaceae and synonymized Pilidiella and Schizoparme. The most recent phylogenetic status of this genus is by Chethana et al. (2017). Coniella destruens and Coniella vitis are illustrated in this study (notes copied from Hyde et al. 2020).
Species illustrated in this entry:
Coniella destruens (M.E. Barr & Hodges) L.V. Alvarez & Crous
References:
Alvarez LV, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW. 2016 – Revising the Schizoparmaceae: Coniella and its synonyms Pilidiella and Schizoparme. Studies in Mycology 85, 1–34
Castlebury LA, Rossman AY, Jaklitsch WJ, Vasilyeva LN. 2002 – A phylogeny overview of the Diaporthales based on large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycologia 94, 1017– 1031
Chethana KWT, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Liu M et al. 2017 – Coniella vitis sp. nov. is the common pathogen of white rot in Chinese vineyards. Plant Disease 101, 2123–2136
Ferreira FA, Alfenas AC, Coelho L. 1997 – Portas-de-entrada para Coniella fragariae em folhas de eucalipto. Revista Árvore 21, 307–311
Höhnel F von. 1918a – Dritte vorlaufige Mitteilung mycologischer Ergebnisse (Nr. 201–304). Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 36, 309–317
Hyde KD, Norphanphoun C, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Bhat DJ et al. 2020 – Refined families of Sordariomycetes. Mycosphere 11, 305–1059
Mirabolfathy M, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW. 2012 – First report of Pilidiella granati causing dieback and fruit rot of pomegranate (Punica granatum) in Iran. Plant Disease 96, 461
Nag Raj TR. 1993 – Coelomycetous anamorphs with appendage bearing conidia. Mycologue publications, Waterloo 1–1101
Samuels GJ, Barr ME, Lowen R. 1993 – Revision of Schizoparme (Diaporthales, Melanconidaceae). Mycotaxon 46, 459–483
Sutton BC. 1980 – The Coelomycetes. Fungi imperfecti with pycnidia, acervuli and stromata. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew 1–696
Sutton, B. (1969). Type studies of Coniella, Anthasthoopa, and Cyclodomella. Canadian Journal of Botany, 47(4): 603-608
Van Niekerk JM, Groenewald JZE, Verkley GJM, Fourie PH et al. 2004 – Systematic reappraisal of Coniella and Pilidiella, with specific reference to species occurring on Eucalyptus and Vitis in South Africa. Mycological Research 108, 283–303
Van Niekerk JM, Groenewald JZE, Verkley GJM, Fourie PH et al. 2004 – Systematic reappraisal of Coniella and Pilidiella, with specific reference to species occurring on Eucalyptus and Vitis in South Africa. Mycological Research 108, 283–303
von Arx JA. 1973 – Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures Baarn and Delft. Progress Reports 1972. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeling Natuurkunde 61, 59–81
von Arx JA. 1981b – The Genera of Fungi Sporulating in Pure Culture, 3rd edn. J Cramer, Vaduz 1–424
Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Wanasinghe DN, Papizadeh M et al. 2016b – Taxonomy and phylogeny of dematiaceous coelomycetes. Fungal Diversity 77, 1–316
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